Website content and publications may be cited or reproduced as long as Gender Action is credited as the source.
This case study by Gender Action, IBON, INDIES and SERUNI adds intertwined gender, biodiversity, and climate dimensions to existing critiques of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)-financed Mandalika Urban Tourism Infrastructure Project (MUTIP) in Indonesia. New fieldwork findings highlight lack of attention to harmful intersectional gender, human rights, biodiversity, and climate impacts affecting Mandalika's predominantly indigenous population as MUTIP transforms Mandalika into a lucrative corporate Bali-like tourist destination. Our case demonstrates deepening damaging effects caused by forced home relocations and livelihood destruction especially on women who bear primary responsibility, due to an unequal patriarchal division of labor, for putting food on the table, getting children to school and caring for ecosystems and communities. Women's loss of livelihoods due to MUTIP dislocations have been propelling women into spiralling debt. Our fieldwork findings contrast MUTIP document commitments to preserve natural resources, biodiversity and livelihoods with opposite results on the ground. Unsurprisingly, social protests demanding suspension of MUTIP implementation and reparations continuously take place.
Gender Action co-sponsored the Roadblocks to Accountability report condemning the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank's accountability mechanism, known as the Project-affected People's Mechanism (PPM), that exists to provide recourse to communities harmed by projects. As of fall 2023,the AIIB has funded 233 projects for over $44 billion without accepting any complaints.
Gender Action co-sponsored the report Fossil Gas does not Equal Development that presents an analysis of public funding for fossil gas projects in Asia Pacific and Africa. It found that between 2016 to 2021, fossil gas projects received more public funding from MDBs and the G20 than renewable energy projects. The reports conclude that public funding of fossil gas worsens both climate and gender inequality.
How much do IFI policies' uphold gender and climate rights and justice? Find answers in the report, IFIs' Rhetorical Gender & Climate Promises which assesses, scores and ranks the strength, adequacy or weakness of over a dozen International Financial Institution (IFI) gender policies and the gender sensitivity of their Environmental and Social Frameworks (ESFs) by applying Gender Action's ecofeminist climate change and other indicators. While strong implemented gender-sensitive IFI policies are prerequisites for investments that do not harm men, women, and sexual and gender minorities (SGMs), they cannot have beneficial impacts within the longtime IFI paradigm that promotes austerity and privatization of public services - from infrastructure, to energy, water and social services and provides loans that contribute to low and middle income countries' soaring debt.
Check out our infographic accompanying the report!
Both the report and infographic are co-sponsored by Gender Action, Friends of the Earth and Urgewald
A Gender Action analysis of key AIIB policies demonstrates that they barely address the climate, energy and gender SDGs which the AIIB committed to uphold.
This briefing demonstrates how the IMF continues to play an enabling role in fossil fuel expansion around the world, thus contradicting its own stated commitments and goals to combat climate change.
Green Climate Fund
More than an add-on? Evaluating the integration of gender in Green Climate Fund projects and programs, is a new study by Gender Action and the Heinrich B'll Stiftung Washington DC. More than an add-on? analyzes the extent to which the GCF, the largest global multilateral climate fund, considers gender impacts of its funding portfolio. Although GCF mandated gender integration from its outset, the study found GCF often fails to identify potentially harmful impacts on the most marginalized, disproportionately impacted gender groups -- women and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer or questioning (LGBTQ) people. We recommend that GCF and climate finance at large must stop treating gender considerations as 'add-ons' and demonstrate how to do so.
Also see our underlying detailed Pattern Analysis Table and 30 individual project analyses.
Independent Accountability Mechanisms
The Good Policy Paper: Guiding Practice from the Policies of Independent Accountability Mechanisms
Gender Action joined ten partner advocacy groups in publishing The Good Policy Paper: Guiding Practice from the Policies of Independent Accountability Mechanisms (IAMs) . It aims to improve the effectiveness of development finance institutions' (DFIs) IAMs that take complaints from people harmed by DFI investments and enhance outcomes for communities including women and sexual and gender minorities.
Note: DFIs include public multilateral and bilateral funding institutions
Publicly-funded development banks must end harmful impacts on gender equality
A new Gender Action/NGO Forum on ADB/Oxfam/Recourse report and infographic, "Unmet Gender Promises: making IFI projects and policies deliver on gender-equal rights" demonstrate how publicly-funded development banks are failing on gender. The report and infographic analyze and score about a dozen International Financial Institutions' (IFIs)' gender policies and the gender-sensitivity of their Environmental and Social Frameworks (ESFs) and examine nine case studies. They conclude that few ESF-required project risk analyses incorporate gender discrimination; half of IFI gender policies and no ESFs require projects to collect gender-disaggregated baseline and subsequent data, undermining IFI capacity to ensure gender equality between women, men and sexual and gender minorities (SGMs); and most IFI gender policies and ESFs fail to address women's primary roles managing and protecting the environment, natural resources and biodiverse ecosystems although climate change especially undermines women's livelihoods and health. Recommendations promoting robust implemented policies underline they will only be effective if IFIs increase rather than decrease public spending and reverse decades of privatization of services and infrastructure which makes them unaffordable to poor women, men and SGMs during and after the COVID19 pandemic.
Women Stand their Ground against BIG Coal is Gender Action's newest field-based case study, which we co-sponsored with two African partners ' Senegal-based Lumi're Synergie pour le D'veloppement (LSD) and the WoMin African Alliance. Women Stand their Ground highlights the deleterious impacts of the public African Development Bank (AfDB)-financed Sendou coal plant on people, particularly women, and ecosystems, amidst the world's intensifying climate emergency. Women fishers in Bargny, Senegal, are leading a fight against the coal plant also co-funded by the public West African Development Bank (BOAD) and Netherlands Development Bank (FMO) and private Compagnie Bancaire de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (CBAO). The has destroyed women fishers' livelihoods and undermined the health of community members. Although the AfDB announced in late 2019 it would exit new coal projects, Sendou, which began operating in 2018, will generate coal-fired power and pollutants harmful to people's health for decades. Women Stand their Ground employs a groundbreaking ecofeminist impact assessment framework which underlines how the climate crisis particularly impacts African women who carry primary responsibility, based on the current gender division of labour, for putting food on tables and caring for people and ecosystems.
When Gender Action compared its moderate gender score of the AIIB-financed Gujarat Rural Roads Project documents to fieldwork findings, the project's gender score fell dramatically. See why in Roadblocks: Unmet Gender Promises in AIIB's Gujarat Rural Roads Project
This new Guide to Women's Rights and Environmental Justice Advocacy on International Financial Institutions is a joint Gender Action, Global Alliance for Green and Gender Action (GAGGA), and Both ENDS publication. The Guide is a tool for women's rights and other groups' advocacy on the IFIs to ensure IFIs uphold and do not undermine rights to clean water, food and a healthy and safe environment.
Gender Justice Scorecard: IFIs in Haiti analyzes the gender sensitivity of Inter-American Development Bank and World Bank investments from 2013-17. The two IFIs spent nearly $1.5 billion in Haiti during this period, substantially less than during 2010-13 following the 2010 earthquake (see our report Building Back by Half or BBBH). The Scorecard found less effort to promote gender justice and rights than did BBBH. Most projects still fail to provide measures to prevent Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV); create gender equal access to and gender-disaggregated data for project consultations and benefits; and approach gender from a human rights perspective. No projects analyzed even mentioned LGBTI people. Many projects may cause forced resettlement and price increases for basic services such as education, electricity, and water, which will disproportionately harm women and sexual minorities. The report presents a series of conclusions and recommendations addressing these and other issues.
Our Gender Scorecard and Analysis of AIIB Projects: A Documentary Review, finds of the first 24 AIIB approved projects, the majority, 15 (62.5%) of projects ranked weakly for gender sensitivity. Only 3 out of the 24 (12.5 %) ranked strongly and 6 (25%) moderately for gender sensitivity. The analysis is based strictly of documentary analysis. However, early on-the-ground CSO feedback suggests documentary gender promises are not being met during implementation. This feedback forebodes the possibility that a greater proportion of projects than this scorecard suggests could actually have harmful gender impacts.
In this article Elaine Zuckerman explores harmful gender and environmental issues that likely mining activity in Haiti would generate. Women, who primarily steward Haiti's land, forests, water and eco-systems that sustain their households could lose access to natural resources and livelihoods and suffer sexual violence triggered by potential mining. The Haiti Advocacy Working Group, which Gender Action co-founded in 2010, published by the article.
Haiti: Gender Issues Facing Women and Girls : Haiti Submission to CEDAW - 2016
Gender Action, together with the Bureau des Avocats Internationaux, Institute for Justice & Democracy in Haiti, and Li, Li, Li! Read submitted a 2016 report, Gender Issues Facing Women and Girls, that analyzes the extent to which women's rights in Haiti meets country obligations under the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW). The report addresses extremely low representation of women in political life, including in the 2015 elections; sexual harassment toward and derogatory treatment of women at work; the disproportionate impact of cholera on women; and problems facing rural women. The report recommends how to end these discriminatory practices.
Haiti: Violence against Women, Trafficking, Prostitution, and Exploitation by UN Peacekeepers : Haiti Submission to CEDAW - 2016
Gender Action, together with partners BAI, FAVILEK, FEMCADH, IJDH, KOFAVIV, KONAMAVID, , Li, Li, Li! Read, MOFAS, RFFA (acronyms are spelled out in the report), submitted a 2016 report, Violence against Women, Trafficking, Prostitution, and Exploitation by UN Peacekeepers, that analyzes the extent to which women's rights in Haiti meets country obligations under the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW). Issues addressed include societal discrimination and widespread sexual violence against women, impunity for perpetrators of gender based violence and sex trafficking, and prostitution and sexual abuse by peacekeepers. The report recommends how to end these harmful practices.
Irene Tinker and Elaine Zuckerman
Women's Economic Roles and the Development Paradigm
A chapter in International Development: Ideas, Experience, and Prospects.
Oxford University Press, 2014. Edited by Bruce Currie-Alder, Ravi Kanbur, David M. Malone, and Rohinton Medhora.
For over fifty years, women's organizations have challenged the development paradigm, influenced development agencies to include women's concerns, and formed a global social movement that has altered gender relations throughout the world. Activists argued that many development programs have adversely impacted women. Altered household structures drew greater attention to gender relationships. Demands for women's social and civil rights questioned the patriarchal structure of society. Today development agencies speak of equality; activists work to ensure that gender justice rhetoric is matched by expenditures, and by greater women's political power, representation and rights.
IMF & Gender: a long way to go
In this Bretton Woods Project brief Elaine Zuckerman assesses the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Staff Discussion Note, Women, Work, and the Economy: Macroeconomic Gains from Gender Equity (WWE). The IMF's WWE promotes an instrumentalist strategy that upholds women's employment as an instrument to boost economic growth. It needs to complementarily promote women's and men's equal rights -- a key women's movement demand to end patriarchal patterns and feminization of poverty propelled by IMF structural adjustment loans. Maria Karamessinini's box demonstrates how Greece's IMF austerity program negatively impacts women. See the IMF & Gender: a long way to go! recommendations!
The World Bank and women's unpaid care work in select sub-Saharan African countries
With the aim of reducing women's greater unpaid care work than men's and increasing women's paid employment, this paper examines the extent to which World Bank investments address unpaid care work. The paper conducts an in-depth gender analysis of 36 World Bank employment-related projects in Malawi, Mali, Niger, and Rwanda. It concludes that the vast majority (92 per cent) of reviewed projects fail to account for unpaid care work.
Exceptionally, Malawi's Shire River Basin Management Program and Niger's Community Action Program target women's needs as caretakers. But most reviewed projects do not address unpaid care work. Doing so would improve economic and human development and gender justice.
Building Back by Half? Gender Issues in IFI Investments in Post-Earthquake Haiti
This comprehensive advocacy report assesses IFI investments' gender sensitivity following the devastating January 2010 earthquake that caused around US$ 8 billion in damages. The World Bank committed US$ 667 million to Haiti for 21 projects from January 12, 2012 through August 2013. The Inter–American Development Bank (IDB) committed nearly double that amount – over US$ 1 billion – across 151 projects in that period. Gender Action assessed a sample of IFI projects' gender sensitivity. The report finds a spotty record for both institutions in 'mainstreaming' gender into their operations – from project planning, to implementation, to monitoring and evaluation. Since both women and men must play an essential role if reconstruction is to succeed, the report concludes with recommendations for increasing projects gender sensitivity. Gender Action's accompanying Database of IFI Post–Earthquake Haiti Investments contains financial and other data about the over 170 investments approved by the World Bank, IDB and IMF.
Caracol Industrial Park: Social and Gender Impacts of Year One of Haiti's Newest IFI-funded Industrial Park
Claire Lauterbach, Elaine Zuckerman, Marie Paul Isabelle Th'osmy and Falonne Conte October 2013
Officially open for business since October 2012, Caracol Industrial Park (PIC) has become one of Haiti's largest private foreign employers. US$ 424 million in development aid from donors including the IDB and the US government have been committed to the Park and ten related projects. As of 2016 the IDB alone spent over US$ 240 million supporting PIC. The donors and Haitian government promised that PIC would deliver 65,000 jobs but as of 2017 PIC created less than 7,000 jobs. These are extremely low-paying jobs, filled by women who compose the majority of the mostly apparel assembly workforce.
This Gender Action report presents a snapshot of the Park's impacts on local residents and women in its first year. Gender Action's Claire Lauterbach spent two weeks with research assistants Isabelle Th'osmy and Falonne Conte from the State University of Haiti conducting interviews and site visits in and around PIC. Although PIC led to several infrastructural changes like electricity and job creation, hundreds of farming households working sparse Haitian fertile land were displaced to build the PIC. The report highlights critical issues including: the displacement of land-users from PIC grounds and exploitative working conditions of female employees.
In January 2017 households whose land was grabbed without consultation for PIC construction filed a complaint with the IDB's Independent Investigation and Consultation Mechanism (MICI). The complaint in under consideration.
Updated: Gender Toolkit for International Finance Watchers
Gender Action provides a vital and user friendly toolkit for civil society groups to incorporate gender perspectives into their work on the IFIs or any other projects. All sections contain electronic hyperlinks to a vast array of available gender resources. Just click on an underlined word to be directed to the specific tool you need!
Gender Toolkit for International Finance Watchers in English.
Bo'te ' outils sur le genre pour observateurs des Institutions Financi'res Internationales en fran'ais.
Herramientas de G'nero para Observadores Financieros Internacionales en Espa'ol.
Gender
Action:
Holding
International
Financial
Institutions
to
Account:
Ten
Critical
Achievements
in
Ten
Years
(2002-2012)
Gender Action holds International Financial Institutions (IFIs) to account to their rhetorical commitments to gender equality and women's rights. This is accomplished by rigorous research, feminist analysis and advocacy on IFIs' policy implications on women. Gender Action believes that sustainable gender equality must address women's rights and aims to transform underlying power structures and dynamics in domestic, regional, and international policies and practices. Gender Action is the only organization exclusively focused on tracking gender in all IFIs, calling for the full integration of gender justice and women's rights in policies and programs, with a deep focus on the World Bank. This review shares the contributions and achievements of Gender Action over a ten-year period, from 2002-2012.
How Do IFI Gender Policies Stack Up?
Sarah Bibler
April 2013
Gender Action is often asked: Which International Financial Institution (IFI) has the strongest gender policy and/or strategy?
To answer this question, this paper compares and ranks IFI gender policies and/or strategies based on IFIs' published information.
Assessing the Effectiveness of World Bank Investments: The Gender Dimension
Claire Lauterbach and Elaine Zuckerman
March 2013
Although it is widely acknowledged that increasing the gender sensitivity of development aid increases its effectiveness, gender issues are usually inadequately addressed in World Bank investments and policy and strategy mechanisms. This is highlighted in a new Gender Action - United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER) working paper entitled, "Assessing the Effectiveness of World Bank Investments: The Gender Dimension."
In this paper, Gender Action's Claire Lauterbach and Elaine Zuckerman evaluate the extent to which the World Bank integrates gender concerns in three sectors - 'agriculture and rural development'; 'sexual and reproductive health and HIV/AIDS'; and 'conflict prevention and post-conflict reconstruction' - and in several policy and strategy mechanisms. The paper concludes that the Bank only superficially includes women's concerns in its investments and policy and strategy mechanisms. It provides recommendations for making Bank investments and policy and strategy mechanisms responsive to women's needs and rights.
Gender, IFIs and Food Insecurity Case Study: Malawi
Claire Lauterbach and Isabel Matenje
February 2013
Women, over 70 percent of Malawi's agricultural workforce, are the backbone of Malawi's agriculture sector and central to Malawi's economy. But according to Gender Action research, IFI-financed agriculture projects in the country address gender issues inconsistently and risk undermining Malawi's food security.
Gender Action's new "Gender, IFIs and Food Insecurity Case Study: Malawi" examines the five World Bank (WB) and African Development Bank (AfDB) investments active in early 2013. We find that though most projects identify gender issues and some have percentage participation targets for women, they frequently lack sex-disaggregated evaluation data and rarely contain project measures that address gender inequalities. Our recommendations include promoting and implementing women's full and equal participation in project design and implementation, in line with the Malawi Growth and Development Strategy and National Gender Program, and designing and collecting sex-disaggregated data to measure projects' gender impacts. The success of these projects depends on IFIs addressing women's concerns and ensuring that they benefit from IFI agriculture investments.
Towards Food Security and Resilience in Haitian Agriculture: A Call to Action
Gender Action and the Haiti Advocacy Working Group (HAWG)
November 2012
Food insecurity, exacerbated by two recent disastrous storms and a long period of drought, threatens the fragile progress achieved in Haiti since the 2010 earthquake. It is now is a decisive time for the donor community to refocus its agriculture and food security policies and help the Government of Haiti implement programs that mitigate the impact of natural disasters on Haitian agriculture and meet the food security needs of the nearly 2 million Haitian children, women and families who are going hungry in Haiti today. This call to action, compiled by Gender Action and the Haiti Advocacy Working Group, makes policy and program implementation recommendations to both the international donor community and the Haitian government, to begin the process of rebuilding that vital sector to Haiti's reconstruction and development.
From Ignorance to Inclusion: Gender-Responsive Multilateral Adaptation Investments in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region
Liane Schalatek (Heinrich Böll Stiftung North America), Sarah Little, Sarah Bibler & Celine Salcedo-La Vina
November 2012
Gender Action and the Heinrich Böll Foundation's newly released report "From Ignorance to Inclusion: Gender-Responsive Multilateral Adaptation Investments in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region" exposes women's persistent marginalization from climate adaptation projects. Across the MENA region, where women already suffer from social and political exclusion, climate change is expected to further exacerbate existing gender inequalities. Despite this, our report finds that multilateral development investments, like those of the World Bank, have not prioritized gender-sensitivity in adaptation projects.
Based on in-depth gender analysis of all of the active multilateral climate change adaptation-related projects in the MENA region, the report finds that too often these investments view women as passive victims of climate change, ignoring their extensive expertise and agency in adaptation activities. This both compromises women's human rights and undermines the effectiveness of climate smart projects. The report recommends that multilateral investments integrate gender dimensions and promote women's involvement as leaders in climate change adaptation and environmental management. "Ignorance to Inclusion" reinforces Gender Action and the Heinrich Böll Foundation's efforts to promote women's full, consistent and meaningful participation in climate change investments.
Gender, IFIs and Food Insecurity
Case Study: Zambia
Sarah Bibler and Claire Lauterbach
October 2012
Gender Action's new Gender, IFIs and Food Insecurity Case Study: Zambia, examines the extent to which the International Financial Institutions (IFIs) fulfill their commitment to address gender inequalities and reduce malnutrition - an issue that disproportionately affects Zambian women and children.
Banking on Health:
World Bank and African Development Bank
Spending on Reproductive Health and
HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa
Claire Lauterbach
October 2012
Based on fieldwork in Cameroon and Uganda, 'Banking on Health' reviews World Bank and AfDB projects to highlight how good quality matters as much as high quantity in reproductive and sexual health and HIV/AIDS spending.
A database containing comprehensive information about World Bank and AfDB investments (2000-2012) addressing reproductive health and HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan African countries accompanies the report.
Haiti's National Housing Policy: Will it Work for Women?
Claire Lauterbach
September 2012
Gender Action's new case study, Haiti's National Housing Policy: Will it Work for Women? demonstrates that the Haitian government's World Bank-supported draft National Housing Policy risks burdening the poor, especially women, with expensive and unobtainable housing by relying on private solutions. The case study concludes with recommendations for strengthening the Policy to ensure that projects are affordable and accessible to all, especially the 1.5 million Haitians that remain displaced, almost three years after the January 2010 earthquake.
This case study is also available in French: La Politique Nationale du Logement: Aidera-t-elle les Haïtiennes?
The World Bank & Gender Based Violence Case Study: the Democratic Republic of Congo
Elizabeth Arend & Julie Ajinkya
November 2011
Gender-based violence (GBV) has reached epidemic proportions after more than a decade of violent conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). In the DRC's mineral-rich eastern region, where militia groups use rape as a weapon to control the lucrative supply of coltan, tungsten, tin ore, tantalum, diamonds and gold. In addition to numerous human rights and development organizations, the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI)-a global system that uses voluntary global standards to monitor oil, gas and mining sector management-confirmed that GBV is widespread in the DRC's mining regions in 2010. The World Bank & Gender Based Violence Case Study: the Democratic Republic of Congo assesses the extent to which WB extractive industry investments in the DRC address GBV.
IFIs and Gender Based Violence Case Study Haiti
Elizabeth Arend
March 2012
To commemorate International Women's Day 2012, Gender Action prepared this IFIs and Gender Based Violence Case Study that analyzes the extent to which World Bank and IDB shelter, sanitation and electricity investments address GBV in Haiti, as these projects have significant implications for Haiti's GBV epidemic. It also highlights an IDB-funded survey of GBV in Haiti, which took place before the earthquake, but we could not find any post-earthquake follow-up. While Gender Action applauds the World Bank's most recent investment to address GBV, our analysis demonstrates that neither the World Bank nor the IDB adequately address GBV within other critical post-earthquake investments. The case study underscores the urgent need for these institutions to fully implement their gender policies and explicitly address GBV across all sectors.
Broken Promises:
Gender Impacts of the World Bank-Financed West-African and Chad-Cameroon Pipelines
Sonia Lowman
September 2011
Based on fieldwork done with Friends of the Earth member groups in Cameroon, Nigeria, Togo and Ghana, Broken Promises reveals that the Chad-Cameroon and West African pipelines, financed by the World Bank, increased women's poverty and dependence on men; caused ecological degradation that destroyed women's livelihoods; discriminated against women in employment and compensation; excluded women in consultation processes; and led to increased prostitution.
Governing Climate Funds:
What Will Work for Women?
Elizabeth Arend & Sonia Lowman
September 2011
As the international community mobilizes in response to global climate changes, climate change mechanisms must ensure the equitable and effective allocation of funds for the world's most vulnerable populations. Gender Action's new publication, Governing Climate Funds:
What Will Work for Women?, highlights women and girls' disproportionate vulnerability to negative climate change impacts in developing countries, and demonstrates how they have been largely excluded from climate change finance policies and programs. The report examines two climate funds and two non-climate funds in order to learn how gender can be better integrated in global climate finance mechanisms. We show that women and girls must not only be included in adaptive and mitigative activities, but also recognized as agents of change who are essential to the success of climate change interventions.
Gender, IFIs and Food Insecurity: A Primer
Alana Fook
April 2011
"Gender, IFIs, and the Food Insecurity" explores IFI-related causes and gender-specific impacts of recent soaring food prices. Based on demonstrating that IFI-led agriculture, macroeconomic, financial and trade policies in developing countries intensify gender inequalities and disproportionately impoverish women and girls, this primer recommends suggest targeted actions IFIs must take to address the disproportionately negative impact of food insecurity on women and girls.
Case Studies
Haiti Gender Shadow Report: Ensuring Haitian Women's Participation and Leadership in All Stages of National Relief and Reconstruction
Fall 2010
As Haiti's devastation deepens nearly one year after its January 12, 2010 earthquake, the need for human rights-based gender interventions remains critical. This final Haiti Gender Shadow Report (GSR), jointly prepared by many women's rights activists in the Haiti Equality Collective, provides the crucial gender content that is missing from the Haitian government's World Bank-led Post Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA), the operative blueprint for recovery that Haiti plans to implement. The GSR demonstrates how a post-disaster strategy that ignores the gendered effects of disaster will inevitably fail to benefit the majority of its population, and that sustainable recovery is not possible without the inclusion of women and women's perspectives.
Gender, Agriculture and Rural Development Investments in post-earthquake Haiti
Elaine Zuckerman, Elise Young and Lisa Vitale
Fall 2010
Gender, Agriculture and Rural Development Investments in post-earthquake Haiti demonstrates that the vast majority of World Bank and Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) post-earthquake investments in Haiti approved through mid-October 2010 represent lost opportunities to help Haiti's predominantly poor female farmers, prevent gender-based violence, and support gender-inclusive development efforts.
Critique of the World Bank's Gender Road Map (2011-2013)
Elizabeth Arend
October 2010
Although the World Bank's "Road Map for Gender Mainstreaming" includes a greater reproductive health focus than its parent document, the World Bank's "Gender Action Plan (GAP): 2007-2010," Gender Action's critique reveals that the Road Map repeats many of the GAP's critical failures. The Road Map ignores multiple civil society criticisms through its lack of a human rights framework, its incomprehensive approach to reproductive health and its lack of robust, transparent gender-related data. In addition, the Road Map almost exclusively focuses on economic empowerment as the sole means to achieve gender equality, and does not include a plan to build gender mainstreaming capacity in Bank country offices.
Speaking up for Gender: A Step-by-Step Guide to Holding IFIs Accountable
Diana Arango & Nicole Zarafonetis
April 2010
Speaking Up for Gender is a user-friendly Guide providing grassroots groups and others affected by IFI projects with information, tips and guidelines for submitting a gender discrimination complaint to an IFI accountability mechanism.
En defensa de la igualdad de género: guía paso a paso para que las IFI rindan cuentas disponible en Español.
Doubling
the Damage: World Bank Climate Investment Funds Undermine
Climate and Gender Justice
Anna Rooke
2009
This new paper is a first-look examining how the new World
Bank-administered Climate Investment Funds will impact both
climate and gender justice.
The
Gender Dimensions of Post-Conflict Reconstruction: The Challenges
in Development Aid
Marcia.E.Greenberg and Elaine Zuckerman
2009
IFI
Gender Audit and Advocacy: A Toolkit for Chinese Civil Society
Organizations
Mande Limbu, Elaine Zuckerman and Jingyi Zhang
November 2008
Gender
Action/WLSLAC’s Joint Gender Audit of a Representative
Sample of 50 IFI Investments in China
Gender Action and WLSLAC
2008
Empty
Promises: Gender Scorecard of World Bank-managed Post-Tsunami
Reconstruction in Indonesia
Suzanna Dennis and Warisha Yunus
September 2008
Mapping
multilateral development banks' spending on reproductive health
and HIV and AIDS
Suzanna Dennis and Elaine Zuckerman
June 2008 Gender & Development Volume 16
Mapping
Multilateral Development Banks' Reproductive Health and HIV/AIDS
Spending
Suzanna Dennis and Elaine Zuckerman
September 2007
Gender
Justice: A Citizen's Guide to Gender Accountability at International
Financial Institutions
Gender Action and the Center for International Environmental
Law
July 2007
The
Gender Dimensions of Post-Conflict Reconstruction: The World
Bank Track Record
Elaine Zuckerman and Suzanna Dennis with Marcia E. Greenberg
June 2007
Policy
Space and the Gendered Impacts of International Financial
Institutions
Elaine Zuckerman
In the April 2007 Woodrow Wilson International Center for
Scholars Asia Program Special Report No. 136, The
Policy Space Debate: Does a Globalized and Multilateral Economy
Constrain Development Policies? Edited by Bhumika Muchhala
Gender
Equality as Smart Economics: A World Bank Group Gender Action
Plan (GAP) (Fiscal years 2007-10): A Critique
Elaine Zuckerman
January 2007
Gender Guide
to World Bank and IMF Policy-Based Lending
Suzanna Dennis and Elaine Zuckerman
Gender Action, December 2006
This paper is also available in Spanish as follows, thanks
to generous translation work from Choike:
Guía
de Género Sobre la Política de Préstamos
del Banco Mundial y el FMI
Suzanna Dennis y Elaine Zuckerman
Diciembre de 2006
Boom-Time Blues:
Big Oil’s Gender Impacts in Azerbaijan, Georgia, and
Sakhalin
A Report by Gender Action and CEE Bankwatch Network, September
2006
Based on research and analysis by Fidanka Bacheva, Manana
Kochladze and Suzanna Dennis
See press coverage on Boom-Time
Blues
The
Gender Dimensions of Post-Conflict Reconstruction: The Challenges
in Development Aid
Marcia Greenberg and Elaine Zuckerman, June 2006
Forthcoming chapter in a UNU-WIDER book, Making Peace Work
and a freestanding WIDER discussion paper
An
Introduction to Gender Budget Initiatives
Elaine Zuckerman
Presented in 2005 to macroeconomists and other stakeholders
involved in the Poverty Reduction Strategy Process in Bosnia
and Herzegovina
Also see Elaine Zuckerman’s related presentation on
Engendering
Macroeconomics in PRSPs
The Gender Dimensions of Post-Conflict Reconstruction: An
Analytical Framework for Policymakers
Elaine Zuckerman and Marcia Greenberg
Published as an article in Gender and Development, An Oxfam
Journal, Volume 12, Number 3, November 2004, Oxford, and as
a chapter in the book, Gender, Peacebuilding, and Reconstruction,
edited by Caroline Sweetman, Oxfam, Great Britain 2005
Invest
in Women Internationally
Elaine Zuckerman, 2005. A chapter in 50 Ways to Improve Women's
Lives: The Essential Guide for Achieving Health, Equality,
and Success for All edited and published by the National Council
of Women's Organizations (NCWO). Available for purchase from
NCWO and Amazon.com
The
Gendered Impacts of World Bank Environment and Infrastructure
Projects in China
Presentation by Elaine Zuckerman at the Third Non-governmental
Organization Forum on International Environmental Cooperation
in China, 2003
Structural Adjustment’s
Gendered Impacts: the Case of Serbia and Montenegro
Aleksandra Vladisavljevic and Elaine Zuckerman, 2004
Reforming
the World Bank: Will the Gender Strategy Make a Difference?
A Study with China Case Examples (Updated Version)
Elaine Zuckerman and Wu Qing, Published by the Heinrich Böll
Foundation, 2005
Reforming
the World Bank: Will the New Gender Strategy Make a Difference?
A Study with China Case Examples
Elaine Zuckerman and Wu Qing, Published by the Heinrich
Böll Foundation, 2003
A
Gentle Touch? Gender and the World Bank — A Critical
Assessment
Nasreen Khundker, Prepared for the 2004 Gender Action-Heinrich
Böll Foundation-Bank Information Center Panel Discussion
of "Reforming the World Bank: Will the New Gender Strategy
Make a Difference?"
Do
Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers Address Gender Issues? A
Gender Audit of 2002 PRSPs
Elaine Zuckerman and Ashley Garrett
Published by Gender Action, 2003
This paper is also available in French as follows:
Les
cadres stratégiques de lutte contre la pauvreté
(CSLP) tiennent-ils compte de l'inégalité des
sexes? Évaluation des CSLP de 2002 en fonction
du principe de l'inégalité des sexes
Elaine Zuckerman et Ashley Garrett
Une Publication de Gender Action
A Primer on Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers and Gender
Elaine Zuckerman
Published by Gender Action, 2002
Why
Engendering PRSPs Reduces Poverty, and the Case of Rwanda
Elaine Zuckerman
Published by the World Institute for Development Economics
and Research, 2001, Helsinki
‘Engendering’
Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs): The Issues and
The Challenges
Elaine Zuckerman
Published by Gender and Development, An Oxfam Journal, Volume
10, Number 3, 2002, Oxford
Evaluation
of Gender Mainstreaming in Advocacy Work on Poverty Reduction
Strategy Papers (PRSPs)
Elaine Zuckerman
Paper prepared for Oxfam, Great Britain, 2002
Poverty Reduction
Strategy Papers and Gender
Elaine Zuckerman
Paper prepared for GTZ, Germany, 2002
The
World Bank and Gender
Gender Action. Chapter in Responsible Reform of the World
Bank by the Coalition for World Bank Reform, 2002
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